Mp¡ÅAp¡dp„ BõdpCgu A_¡ Bõ_pAifu_p¡ rhhpv$

vy$r_ep_p v$f¡L$ ^d®dp„ k„âv$pep¡ A_¡ `¡V$pk„âv$pep¡ Å¡hp dm¡ R>¡, s¡hy„ Bõgpddp„ `Z R>¡. lTfs dp¡lçdv$ `eN„bf_p Ahkp_ `R>u \p¡X$p„ S> hj£ Bõgpddp„ riep A_¡ kyÞ_u A¡hp ap„V$p `X$ép. dy„bC, NyS>fps A_¡ `pqL$õsp_dp„ S>¡d_u dp¡V$u hkrs R>¡ s¡ ApNpMp_u Mp¡ÅAp¡ riep dy[õgd R>¡, `Z A¡L$ S>dp_pdp„ Mp¡ÅAp¡ `Z kyÞ_u lsp. Mp¡ÅAp¡dp„ BõdpCgu A_¡ Bõ_pAifu A¡hp S>¡ c¡v$cphp¡ `X$ép s¡_p¡ `Z fkâv$ Brslpk R>¡. dy[õgdp¡dp„ S>¡Ap¡ bpfdp Bdpd_p hpfkv$pfp¡_¡ dp_sp lsp s¡Ap¡ Bõ_pAifu L$l¡hpep A_¡ d|m `eN„bf_p hpfkv$pfp¡_¡ dp__pfp BõdpCgu L$l¡hpep. cpfsdp„ S>¡ Mp¡ÅAp¡ hk¡ R>¡ s¡dp„ ApS>¡ `Z Ap c¡v$cphp¡ Å¡hp dm¡ R>¡.

rhðcfdp„ `\fpe¡gu BõdpCgu Mp¡Å L$p¡d_p ^d®Nyfy A_¡ hX$p ApNpMp_ L$l¡hpe R>¡. AÐepf¡ S>¡ râÞk L$fud ApNpMp__y„ ipk_ Qpg¡ R>¡ s¡Ap¡ Qp¡\p ApNpMp_ R>¡. L$fud ApNpMp__p hX$hpAp¡ ANpD Bõ_pAifu qfhpÅ¡ `pmsp lsp. s¡Ap¡ L¡$hu fus¡ BõdpCgu fusrfhpÅ¡ A`_phsp \ep s¡_p¡ `Z A¡L$ fkâv$ Brslpk R>¡.

1881_p A¡râgdp„ â\d ApNpMp_ lk_ Agu ipl_y„ dy„bCdp„ Ahkp_ \ey„ A_¡ s¡d_p `yÓ kygsp_ Aldv$ _hp ApNpMp_ bÞep. buÅ ApNpMp__p¡ ipk_L$pm dpÓ Qpf S> hj® Qpëep¡. s¡Ap¡ AðDR>¡f, Op¡X$v$p¡X$ A_¡ riL$pf_p ip¡Mu_ lsp. s¡d_p kdedp„ dy„bCdp„ Mp¡Å bpmL$p¡ dpV¡$ A¡L$ ipmp_y„ Dv¹$OpV$_ \ey„. 1885_p Ap¡NõV$dp„ buÅ ApNpMp__y„ `yZ¡ Mps¡ Ahkp_ \ey„ `f„sy s¡d_u BÃR>p dyS>b s¡d_p d©sv¡$l_¡ Cfp_ gC S>hpdp„ Apìep¡ A_¡ eyä¡qV$k _v$u_p qL$_pf¡ Bdpd Agu_p dL$bfp_u bpSy>dp„ S> v$a_phhpdp„ Apìep¡. Ap dL$bfp¡ vy$r_epcf_p riep dy[õgdp¡ dpV¡$ `©Õhu D`f_y„ kp¥\u `rhÓ õ\m L$l¡hpe R>¡.

buÅ ApNpMp_ Agu ipl_y„ r_^_ \ey„ Ðepf¡ s¡d_p `yÓ_u Jdf dpÓ ApW$ hj®_u lsu. Agu ipl_u rh^hp `Z Ðepf¡ M|b eyhp_ lsu. lh¡ kNuf he_p râÞk ApNpMp_ hsu g¡X$u Agu ipl¡ L$p¡d_p¡ hluhV$ L$fhp dp„X$ép¡. r`°Þk ApNpMp__p L$pL$p ApNp Å„Nu ipl_u r_dZ|L$ s¡d_p hpgu sfuL¡$ L$fhpdp„ Aphu. g¡X$u Agu ipl blz Qyõs Bõ_pAifu dy[õgd lsp„. `p¡sp_p bpmL$dp„ A_¡ crhóe_p ApNpMp_dp„ ^prd®L$ k„õL$pfp¡ Aph¡ s¡ dpV¡$ s¡dZ¡ kMs riõs_p¡ ApN°l fpMhp dp„X$ép¡. Ap Qyõs hpsphfZdp„ bpmL$ ApNpMp__¡ AL$mpdZ \hp gpNu A_¡ Bõ_pAifu fusqfhpÅ¡ dpV¡$ R|>`u _afs s¡d_p qv$gdp„ `¡v$p \C.

ApNpMp_ ÓuÅ Äepf¡ dp¡V$p \ep Ðepf¡ s¡dZ¡ Ål¡fdp„ Bõ_pAifu fusqfhpÅ¡_u V$uL$p L$fhp dp„X$u A_¡ ^ud¡ ^ud¡ s¡_p¡ ÐepN L$ep£. râÞk kygsp_ ApNpMp_¡ `p¡sp_u Ås_¡ "lpS>f Bdpd' sfuL¡$ Op¡rjs L$fu A_¡ Bõ_pAifu Mp¡Å\u s¡Ap¡ A¡L$v$d AgN `X$u Nep. Bõ_pAifu Mp¡ÅAp¡ lpS>f Bdpddp„ _\u dp_sp `Z Npeb Bdpddp„ dp_¡ R>¡.

râÞk kygsp_ ApNpMp_¡ d|m Af¡rbL$ cpjpdp„ gMpe¡gu vy$Ap_¡ bv$g¡ `uf kv$fyØu_¡ gM¡gu NyS>fpsu vy$Ap_p¡ h`fpi L$fhp dp„X$ép¡ Ðepf¡ Cfp__p riep dp¥ghuAp¡ Nyõk¡ cfpep lsp. 1956dp„ Cfp__p dp¥ghuAp¡_p v$bpZ l¡W$m ApNpMp_¡ afu Af¡rbL$ vy$Ap A`_phhu `X$u lsu. dy„bCdp„ BõdpCgu Mp¡ÅAp¡_u dp¡V$u S>dps Aph¡gu R>¡ A_¡ Bõ_pAifu Mp¡ÅAp¡_u _p_u S>dps R>¡.

dy„bC_u `pgp Ngudp„ Bõ_pAifu Mp¡ÅAp¡_u drõS>v$ Aph¡gu R>¡ A_¡ Ðep„ s¡d_u dp¡V$u hkrs R>¡. S|>_p S>dp_pdp„ râÞk kygsp_ ApNpMp_ dTNp„h Mps¡ Aph¡gp `p¡sp_p b„Ng¡\u MX$L$ D`f Aph¡gp S>dpsMp_p ky^u Qpf Op¡X$p_u bNudp„ b¡ku_¡ S>sp lsp. s¡ kde¡ BõdpCgu A_¡ Bõ_pAifu hÃQ¡ k„b„^p¡ A¡V$gp sp¡ s„N b_u Nep lsp L¡$ ApNpMp_¡ `p¡sp_p¡ `pgp Ngu_p¡ ê$V$ bv$ghp¡ `X$ép¡ lsp¡. ApS>¡ `Z BõdpCgu Mp¡ÅAp¡ `pgp Ngudp„\u `kpf \hp_y„ V$pm¡ R>¡, A¡V$gy„ A„sf b¡ Mp¡Å k„âv$pep¡ hÃQ¡ `X$u Ney„ R>¡.

cpfsdp„ BõdpCgu Mp¡ÅAp¡_p¡ Brslpk 1430_u kpg\u \pe R>¡. Ap kpgdp„ `uf kv$fyØu_ tk^dp„ Apìep A_¡ klv¡$h Å¡ju _pd ^pfZ L$fu s¡dZ¡ tlvy$ ^d®_p¡ sgõ`i} Aæepk L$ep£. s¡dZ¡ NyS>fps_p gp¡lpZp A_¡ cpqV$epAp¡_¡ hV$gphu Mp¡Å dy[õgdp¡ b_pìep. `uf kv$fyØu_ NyS>fpsu cpjp_p â\d L$rh lsp A¡hy„ BõdpCgu Mp¡ÅAp¡ dp_¡ R>¡. Ly$fp__p¡ bp¡^ s¡dZ¡ kfm S|>_u NyS>fpsu L$pìe`„[¼sAp¡dp„ Dspep£ R>¡, S>¡_¡ rN_p_ (op_) L$l¡hpdp„ Aph¡ R>¡. Aphp lÅfp¡ rN_p_p¡_u s¡dZ¡ fQ_p L$fu R>¡. ApS>¡ `Z BõdpCgu Mp¡ÅAp¡ _dpS> `R>u Ap rN_p_ `Y¡$ R>¡. ApS>¡ cpfs A_¡ `pqL$õsp_dp„ dmu_¡ Apif¡ b¡ gpM Mp¡ÅAp¡_u hkrs R>¡. s¡ `¥L$u dpÓ L$fpQudp„ S> Apif¡ A¡L$ gpM NyS>fpsu Mp¡ÅAp¡ R>¡. dy„bCdp„ 35 lÅf A_¡ ApMp cpfsdp„ A¡L$ gpM NyS>fpsu Mp¡ÅAp¡ lp¡hp_p¡ A„v$pS> R>¡. A¡L$ kde¡ ApqäL$pdp„ Apif¡ 50 lÅf Mp¡ÅAp¡ lsp, S>¡dp„_p dp¡V$p cpN_p ApS>¡ L¡$_¡X$p A_¡ HNg¡ÞX$ sfa Qpëep Nep R>¡. L¡$_¡X$pdp„ 25\u 30 lÅf Mp¡ÅAp¡ lp¡hp_y„ A_ydp_ R>¡.

AÐepf¡ BõdpCgu Mp¡Å L$p¡d_p ^d®Nyfy râÞk L$fud Qp¡\p ApNpMp_ R>¡. s¡Ap¡ 1957dp„ 20 hj®_u eyhp_ he¡ ApNpMp__u Npv$u `f Apìep lsp. ApW$ hj®_u kNuf he¡ ApNpMp_ b_¡gp kygsp_ dp¡lçdv$ ipl 72 hj® ky^u Ap Npv$u D`f füp lsp. â\d ApNpMp_¡ dy[õgd guN_u õ\p`_pdp„ dlÒh_u c|rdL$p cS>hu lsu. s¡d_p `yÓ AguMp_ lp¡guh|X$_u ârkÙ Arc_¡Óu fuV$p l¡h\®_¡ `fZu_¡ S>NÅl¡f \ep lsp. fuV$p l¡h\® `pR>m\u Qyõs dy[õgd b_u NC lsu. R>¡ëgp ÓZ ApNpMp_p¡ eyfp¡r`e_ drlgpAp¡_¡ S> `fÎep R>¡.

apfku cpjpdp„ "ApNp'_p¡ A\® dlp_ycph A¡hp¡ \pe R>¡. râÞk L$fud ApNpMp__p hX$v$pv$p lk_ Agu ipl ANpD `ri®epdp„ `p¡sp_y„ _p_L$Xy„$ fpÄe Qgphsp lsp. 1840dp„ `ri®epdp„ eyÙ \sp„ s¡Ap¡ L¡$V$gpL$ Op¡X¡$khpfp¡ kp\¡ AaOpr_õsp_ A_¡ Ðep„\u tk^ Apìep. tk^dp„ A_¡ NyS>fpsdp„ `uf kv$fyØu_¡ hV$gph¡gp Mp¡ÅAp¡A¡ s¡d_¡ ^d®Nyfy sfuL¡$ õhuL$pfu gu^p. AÐepf¡ BõdpCgu Mp¡Å L$p¡d_p ^d®Nyfy râÞk L$fud ApNpMp_ `p¡sp_¡ 49dp Bdpd NZph¡ R>¡.

cpfs_p kyârkÙ Mp¡ÅAp¡dp„ `pqL$õsp__p fpô²$r`sp NZpsp dp¡lçdv$ Agu TuZp_y„ _pd Ahíe g¡hy„ `X¡$. dp¡lçdv$ Agu TuZp_p v$pv$p `|„ÅcpC gp¡lpZp lsp, `Z r`sp TuZpcpC hV$gpC_¡ Mp¡Å bÞep lsp. dp¡lçdv$ Agu TuZp BõdpCgu Mp¡Å _l] `Z Bõ_pAifu Mp¡Å lsp.

^p¡g¡fpdp„ S>Þd¡gp rh¿eps ipef iev$p `Z Bõ_pAifu Mp¡Å lsp. s¡d_y„ d|m _pd lfÆ ghÆ v$pdpZu lsy„. dy„bC lpC L$p¡V®$_p â\d cpfsue A_¡ NyS>fpsu Þeped|rs® dp¡lçdv$ L$fud QpNgp_u AÐepf¡ S>Þdispåv$u ES>hpC flu R>¡. s¡Ap¡ `pR>m\u cpfs_p rhv¡$i â^p_ bÞep lsp. A¡d.ku. QpNgp BõdpCgu Mp¡Å lsp.

L$ÃR>_p âMf byqÙÆhu A_¡ kdpS>hpv$u `n_p A¡L$ õ\p`L$ eykya dl¡fAgu `Z Mp¡Å lsp. L$ÃR>_p c|S> il¡fdp„ A¡L$ Qp¡L$_¡ A_¡ dy„bCdp„ d[õS>v$ b„v$f_p A¡L$ fp¡X$_¡ eykya dl¡fAgu_y„ _pd Ap`hpdp„ Apìey„ R>¡. dy„bC _ÆL$ Aph¡gp spfp Npddp„ ApS>¡ `Z eykya dl¡fAgu k¡ÞV$f Apqv$hpkuAp¡_p L$ëepZ_u âh©rÑAp¡ L$fu füy„ R>¡. bfL$s hufpZu A_¡ Aprbv$ kyfsu S>¡hp kprlÐeL$pfp¡ BõdpCgu Mp¡Å L$p¡d¡ `¡v$p L$ep® R>¡.

k„S>e hp¡fprgrMs L¡$d R>p¡? rhcpN_p AÞe g¡Mp¡ hp„Qhp dpV¡$ Al] [¼gL$ L$fp¡

Ap g¡M Ap`_¡ L¡$hp¡ gpÁep¡?